PANEL
Frank Fairbanks, Chair
Allan V. Burman
Gail Christopher
Patrick J. Kelly
Lyle Laverty
Keith Mulrooney
Paul Posner
Charles Wise
Officers of the Academy
Carl W. Stenberg, III, Chair of the
Board
C. Morgan Kinghorn, Jr., President
Valerie Lemmie, Vice Chair
Jonathan D. Breul, Secretary
Howard M. Messner, Treasurer
Project Staff
J. William Gadsby, Vice President,
Academy Studies
Bruce D. McDowell, Project Director
John Maupin, Senior Consultant
Joseph P. Mitchell, III, Research Associate
Jennifer Hardgrove Blevins, Research Assistant
Martha S. Ditmeyer, Project Associate
The views expressed in this document are those of
the Panel.
They do not necessarily reflect the views of the Academy as an institution.
National Academy of Public Administration
1100 New York Avenue, N.W.
Suite 1090 East
Washington, DC 20005
www.napawash.org
First published December 2003
ISBN 1-57744-1001
Printed in the United States of America
Academy Project Number: 1951-004